Ep 80: What’s the Deal with Empress Elisabeth
Sisi TV Series - https://www.imdb.com/title/tt11269100/episodes/?season=1
A clip from Elisabeth, the Sisi musical https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e55OVCunNTc
Portraits of Elisabeth (a babe) https://fashionhistory.fitnyc.edu/1865-winterhalter-empress/
Ep. 76: Boudicca
Johnson, Margueritte. Boudicca. 2012.
Margueritte Johnson. 2012. Boudicca.
Caitlin Gillespie. 2018. Boudicca, Warrior Woman of Roman Britain.
2015. “The Wolf and the Hare: Boudica’s Political Bodies in Tacitus and Dio.” The Classical World 108 (3), 403-29.
Carolyn D. Williams. 2009. Boudica and Her Stories: Narrative Transformations of a Warrior Queen.
Vanessa Collingridge. 2006. Boudica.
Natasha Harlow. 2021 Belonging and Belongings: Portable Artefacts and Identity in the Citas of the Iceni. BAR Btitish Series 664.
John Davis (ed.) 2016. The Iron Age in Northern East Anglia: New Work in the Land of the Iceni. BAR British Series 549.
My book! A History of the Roman Empire in 21 Women. 2023.
Ep 75. On Debutantes, Balls and ‘The Season’
Sources
Kristen Richardson. 2019. The Season: A Social History of the Debutante.
Anna Fields. 2010. Confessions of a Rebel Debutante.
Lucinda Gosling. 2013. Debutantes and the London Season.
Anne De Courcy. 2005. Debs at War 1939-1945: How the War Changed Their Lives.
2017. The Husband Hunters: Social Climbing in London and New York.
Jacqueline Ansell. 1999. The Seal of Social Approval, or How Girls Are Presented At Court, The Court Historian, 4:2, 151-160,
Nancy W. Ellenberger. 1990. The Transformation of London "Society" at the End of Victoria's Reign: Evidence from the Court Presentation Records. Albion: A Quarterly Journal Concerned with British Studies, 22 (4), 633-653.
Roseanna Dodds. 2022. “The last dance? Inside the Vienna Ball”. Financial Times. https://www.ft.com/content/7008937d-7a86-43f4-acd2-7c3e165139c5
Hattie Crisell. 2022. Inside the Vienna Opera Ball, Where Debutantes Party Like It’s 1877.” The Telegraph. https://www.telegraph.co.uk/luxury/society/inside-the-vienna-opera-ball-debutantes-party/
Eileen Spring. 1997. Law, Land, and Family: Aristocratic Inheritance in England, 1300 to 1800.
Fiona McCarthy. 2006. The Last Curtsey: The End of the Debutantes.
Amanda Hendrickson’s incredible costumes https://www.amandahendricksoncostumes.com/texas-rose-festival
Episode 74: What’s the Deal with Matriarchies?
Peter Davies. 2010. Myth, Matriarchy and Modernity: Johan Jakob Bachofen in German Culture 1860-1945.
Joan M. Cichon. 2022. Matriarchy in Bronze Age Crete: A Perspective from Archaeomythology and Modern Matriarchial Studies. https://www.archaeopress.com/Archaeopress/Products/9781803270449
Heide Goettner-Abendroth. 2012. Matriarchal Societies: Studies on Indigenous Cultures Across the Globe.
- 2017. "Matriarchal studies: Past debates and new foundations". Asian Journal of Women's Studies. 23 (1), 2–6.
- 2018. Re-thinking ‘Matriarchy’ in Modern Matriarchal Studies using two examples: The Khasi and the Mosuo. Asian Journal of Women’s Studies 24 (1), 3-27
Merlin Stone. 1976. When God Was A Woman.
Cynthia Eller. 2000. The Myth of Matriarchal Prehistory: Why An Invented Past Will Not Give Women a Future.
- 2011. Gentlemen and Amazons: The Myth of Matriarchal Prehistory 1861-1900.
Nancy Kankum Kusi, Frank Mintah, Valentine Nyame, Uchendu Eugene Chigbu, Menare Rotal Mabakeang, Barikisa Owusu Ansah and Walter Daschaga. 2022. ‘Discourse on Women and Land Tenure in Ghana: Does Matrilineal Land Tenure System Make a Difference for Women?’ in E.C. Chigbu (ed). Land Governance and Gender: The Tenure-Gender Nexus in Land Management and Land Policy. 129-142.
Gerda Henkel. 2021. Matriarchy at the Crossroads in Africa: The Class Between its Theoretical and Practical Orientation in Tanzania’s Land Tenure Systems. African Journal on Land Policy and Geospacial Systems. 5 (1). 215-233
Rebecca Wragg Sykes. 2020. Kindred: Neanderthal Life, Love, Death and Art.
McDermott, Leroy (1996). "Self-Representation in Upper Paleolithic Female Figurines". Current Anthropology. 37 (2): 227–275
Frederick Engels. 1902. English translation of The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State. First published in German 1881. https://archive.org/details/originoffamilypr00enge
Don’s Maps Venus Figurines site https://www.donsmaps.com/venus.html
Why Do Men Rule the World? Podcast with Dr. Alice Evans. Factually with Adam Conover. https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/why-do-men-rule-the-world-with-dr-alice-evans/id1463460577?i=1000554933659
Special Episode: Caligula (1979)
https://caligula.org/
Courtney Love as Caligula (2005) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XAf-V0eepAs
Original Caligula Trailer (1979) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4FHN7qMqOvE
Making of Caligula Featurette (contains Guccione chest hair) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SlxtytbxX4c
Gore Vidal’s (bad) Screenplay https://pdfcoffee.com/caligula-1975-10-20-scriptpdf-pdf-free.html
Episode 72: What Was So Great About Alexander?
Ian Worthington. 1999 ’How ‘Great’ was Alexander?’ Ancient History Bulletin 13. https://m-hosseini.ir/esk-solk/articles-1/10.pdfIan Worthington. 2005. Alexander the Great: A Reader. Routledge.Carol G. Thomas. 2007. Alexander the Great in his World. Blackwell.Ali Ansari. 2012. Alexander the not so Great: History through Persian Eyes. BBC Magazine. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-18803290Jürgen Osterhammel. 1997. Colonialism: A Theoretical Overview, trans. from German by Shelley L. Frisch. Markus Wiener and Kingston Ian Randle PublishersMargaret Kohn and Kavita Reddy, "Colonialism", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2023 Edition), Edward N. Zalta & Uri Nodelman (eds.), <https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2023/entries/colonialism/>.Sven Lindqvist. 2018. ‘Exterminate All The Brutes’
Sven Lindqvist. 2012. Terra Nullius. A Journey Through No One's Land.
Affiliate links: https://uk.bookshop.org/lists/history-is-sexy
Episode 71: Were Children Ever Really Raised by Wolves?
Serena DuBois. 2007. Feral children in Fiction and Fact. https://erblist.com/erbmania/dubois-feralchildren-all.pdfArchived list of recorded cases of alleged Feral/Wild Children in chronological order http://web.archive.org/web/20020408134427/http://feralchildren.com:80/cases.htmlJulia V. Douthwaite. 2002. The Wild Child, the Natural Man and the Monster: Dangerous Experiments in the Age of Enlightenment. University of Chicago Press.Elizabeth Bumiller. April 1985. The Mystery of the Wolf Boy. https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1985/04/21/the-mystery-of-the-wolf-boy/4c729f3c-3617-4cae-8008-361f32c074b1/Michael P. Carroll. 1984. The Folkloric Origins of Modern “Animal Parented Children” Stories. Journal of Folklore Research 21 (1), 63-85Euan Ferguson, Oct. 1999. He Was A Wild Child. Really Wild. The Observer. https://www.theguardian.com/world/1999/oct/10/euanferguson.theobserverRev. J.A.H. Sing. 1926. The Diary of the Wolf-Children of Midnapore. https://www.midnapore.in/wolf-children-of-midnapore/wolf-children-of-midnapore1.htmlNational Geographic. 2007. Is It Real? Feral Children. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_Jix7-Q1748Adriana S, Benzaquen. 2006. Encounters with Wild Children: Temptation and Disappointment in the Study of Human Nature. McGill-Queens University Press.
Episode 70: What Are Men’s Clothes So Boring?
J.C. Flugel. 1930. The Psychology of Clothes. Available at https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.34079/page/n121/mode/2upGraeme Richards. 2004. ‘Flügel, John Carl, (1884–1955)’ Oxford Dictionary of National Biography.Joanna Bourke. 1996. ‘Men’s Dress Reform in Interwar Britain’, Journal of Design History 9 (1): 23-33John Rickman. 1931. ‘Review of The Psychology of Clothes,’ Philosophy 6(22): 269-70Brent Shannon. 2004. ‘Refashioning Men: Fashion, Masculinity and the Cultivation of the Male Consumer in Britain 1860-1914.’ Victorian Studies 46 (4): 597-630Sofi Thanhauser. 2022. Worn: A People’s History of Clothes. Pantheon.Tim Edwards. 2016. Men in the Mirror: Men’s Fashion, Masculinity and Consumer Society. 2nd Edn. Bloomsbury.David Kuchta. 2002. The Three Piece Suit and Modern Masculinity: England 1550-1850.University of California Press.Robyn Gibson, Paul Dufficy, David Smith, Laurence Coy and Joshua Barnes. 2015. ‘A- History of Men’s Suits: An Interlude’ in R. Gibson (ed). The Memory of Clothes. Sense. 81-86.Mark Titmarsh. 2019. Rein Man: A Review of Reigning Men: Fashion in Menswear, 1715–2015. Fashion Theory, 24(3), 435–444.Reigning Men: Fashion in Menswear 1715-2015 online exhibition https://artsandculture.google.com/story/reigning-men-fashion-in-menswear-1715-2015-los-angeles-county-museum-of-art/lAUBboqYvPT5JA?hl=enAlexandra Rowland. 2019. ‘Beau Brummell Wasn’t A Hero of Men’s Fashion. He Was A Villain. A Boring Uptight Villain” Esquire. https://www.esquire.com/style/mens-fashion/a26870204/beau-brummell-style-toxic-masculinity/Articles of Interest Podcast https://99percentinvisible.org/episode/suits-articles-of-interest-10/transcript/
Episode 69: What’s the Deal With Vikings pt 2 - Sagas and Religion
A big recommendation for the Saga Thing podcast, espcially episode 1C.
https://sagathingpodcast.wordpress.com/episode-archive/ https://sagathingpodcast.wordpress.com/2013/09/13/episode-1c-what-is-a-saga/
Lisa L. Hannett. 2017. The Politics of Retelling Norse Mythology. The Atlantic. theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2017/02/the-politics-of-retelling-norse-mythology/517422/
Carolynne Larrington. 2014. The Poetic Edda 2nd revised edition. OUP.
Anders Winroth. The Age of the Vikings
Margaret Clunies Ross. 2010. The Cambridge Introduction to the Old Norse-Icelandic Saga. CUP.
Heather O’Donoghue. 2004. Old Norse-Icelandic Literature: A Short-Introduction. Wiley-Blackwell.
Heather O’Donoghue. 2007. From Asgard to Valhalla: The Remarkable History of the Norse Myths. I.B. Taurus.
Episode 68: What’s The Deal with Vikings?
Anders Winroth. 2014. The Age of the Vikings. Princeton University Press.
Julian D. Richards. 2005. Vikings: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford University Press.
Sæbjørg Walaker Nordeide and Kevin J. Edwards. 2019. The Vikings. ARC Humanities Press.
Cat Jarman. 2021. River Kings: A New History of the Vikings from Scandinavia to the Silk Roads. William Collins.
Neil Price. 2020. Children of Ash and Elm: A History of the Vikings. Basic Books.
Episode 67: Were the Victorians Really Prudes?
Zisowitz Stearns, C & Stearns, P.N. 1985. Victorian Sexuality: Can Historians Do It Better? Journal of Social History 18 (4): 625-34
Kincaid, J. 1988. ‘What The VIctorians Knew About Sex’, Browning Institute Studies 16: 91-99
Cott, N.F. 1978. Passionlessness: An Interpretation of Victorian Sexual Ideology, 1790-1850. Signs 4 (2): 219-36
Furneaux, H. 2011. Victorian Sexualities. Literature Compass 8/10: 767–775,
Sweet, M. 2001. Inventing the Victorians.
Cody, LF. 1996. Review of The Making of Victorian Sexuality by Michael Mason; The Making of Victorian Sexual Attitudes by Michael Mason.Victorian Studies 39 (3): 466-468.
Clements, N. 1998. The Myth of Victorian Prudery: Promoting an Image. Articulāte 3: https://digitalcommons.denison.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https://scholar.google.com/&httpsredir=1&article=1043&context=articulate
Crozier, I. 2010. William Acton and the history of sexuality: the medical and professional context. Journal of Victorian Culture 5 (1): 1-27.
Ridell, F. 2014. A Victorian Guide to Sex.
Ridell, F. 2014. ‘No, no, no! Victorians didn’t invent the vibrator’ The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2014/nov/10/victorians-invent-vibrator-orgasms-women-doctors-fantasy
Episode 66: Did the Illuminati cause the French Revolution?
References
Augustin Barruel, 1797. Memoirs Illustrating the History of Jacobinism.
John Robison. 1797. Proofs of a Conspiracy Against all the Religions and Governments of Europe, carried on in the Secret Meetings of Freemasons, Illuminati and Reading Societies.
Claus Oberhauser. 2020. Simonini’s letter: The 19th century text that influenced antisemitic conspiracy theories about the Illuminati. The Conversation.
Christine Jacobson. 2021. A Look at Anthropodermic Bibliopegy: On Megan Rosenbloom’s “Dark Archives”. LA Review of Books.
Jonathon Israel. 2011. Democratic Enlightenment Philosophy, Revolution, and Human Rights 1750–1790. OUP.
Megan Rosenbloom. 2020. Dark Archives: A Librarian’s Investigation into the Science and History of Books Bound in Human Skin.
Dieter Groh. 1987. ‘The Temptation of Conspiracy Theory, or: Why Do Bad Things Happen to Good People? Part II: Case Studies’ in Carl F. Graumann and Serge Moscovici (eds) Changing Conceptions of Conspiracy, pp. 15-38.
Amos Hofman. 1993. ‘Opinion, Illusion, and the Illusion of Opinion: Barruel's Theory of Conspiracy.’ Eighteenth-Century Studies 27 (1) pp.27-60.
Thomas Milan Konda. 2019. Conspiracies of Conspiracies: How Delusions Took Over America.
Michael Taylor. 2014. ‘British Conservatism, the Illuminati, and the Conspiracy Theory of the French Revolution, 1797–1802’. Eighteenth-Century Studies 47 (3) 239-312.
Josef Wages & Reinhard Markner. (trans 2017). Secret School of Wisdom: The Authentic Rituals and Doctrines of the Illuminati.
Episode 65: What’s The History of Petra?
References
P. J. Parr (1960) Excavations at Petra, 1958–59, Palestine Exploration Quarterly, 92:2, 124-135,
al-bashaireh, Khaled & Hodgins, Gregory. (2014). The Chronology of Qsar El-Bint, Petra: Discussion and New Radiocarbon Dates. Palestine Exploration Quarterly. 146. 281-292. 10.1179/1743130114Y.0000000003.
Sivan, Hagith. Review of The Petra Papyri IV ed. by Antti Arjava et al., and: The Petra Papyri II eds. by Ludwig Koenen, Jorma Kaimio, Robert W. Daniel. Journal of Late Antiquity, vol. 7 no. 1, 2014, p. 194-196. Project MUSE, doi:10.1353/jla.2014.0003.
Kouki, P. (2012) The Hinterland of a City: Rural Settlement and Land Use in the Petra Region from the Nabatean-Romans to the Early Islamic Period. Doctoral Thesis. University of Helsinki. https://helda.helsinki.fi/bitstream/handle/10138/33133/thehinter.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
Lawler, Andrew (2007) ‘Reconstructing Petra.’ Smithsonian 38 (3). Pp. 42-49
Bikai, P. M. (2002). The Churches of Byzantine Petra. Near Eastern Archaeology, 65(4), 271–276. https://doi.org/10.2307/3210859
Wenning, Robert (2013). ‘Nabatean Niches and the Formation of Early Petra’ in Mouton, M. & Schmid, G. (eds) Men on the Rocks: The Formation of Nabatean Petra. Pp 343-350.
Wenning, Robert (2013). ‘Towards “Early Petra”: An Overview of the Early History of the Nabateans in its Context. in Mouton, M. & Schmid, G. (eds) Men on the Rocks: The Formation of Nabatean Petra. Pp 7 -23
Russell, K. W. (1980). The Earthquake of May 19, A. D. 363. Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, 238, 47–64. https://doi.org/10.2307/1356515
Manuel Bravo (2021) The Hidden History of Petra. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n5QdKNyrpWA
UNESCO. Petra. http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/326
Episode 64: What’s The History of Alchemy?
P.G. Maxwell-Stuart. 2012. The Chemical Choir: A History of Alchemy.
Sean Martin. 2006. Alchemy and Alchemists.
The Alchemy Website including ‘Nicola Flamel’s’ alchemical heiroglyphs and a great many (nonsensical) alchemical texts https://web.archive.org/web/20190612044100/http://www.levity.com/alchemy/flam_h6.html
Episode 63: Did a girl from Cork become a Moroccan Empress and other stories
Robert Chambers. 1868. Traditions of Edinburgh. https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/61314/pg61314-images.html
Elizabeth Ewan, Rose Pipes, Jane Rendall, Siân Reynolds. 2018. The New Biographical Dictionary of Scottish Women.
William Lempriere. 1793. A tour from Gibraltar to Tangier, Sallee, Mogodore, Santa Cruz, and Tarudant; and thence over Mount Atlas to Morocco. Including a particular account of the royal harem, &c. https://quod.lib.umich.edu/e/evans/N20724.0001.001/1:5.5?rgn=div2;view=fulltext
The Adventures of John Renton. The Colonist. 2 November 1875. P.3 https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/TC18751102.2.15
The Recovery of John Renton from the Solomon Islands. Rockhampton Bulletin 17 September 1875. https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/51781654
Nigel Randell. 2004. The White Headhunter: The Story of a 19-Century Sailor Who Survived a South Seas Heart of Darkness.
Lindsay Fitzharris. 2015. The Insane Story Of A Man Who Was Born A Dwarf And Died A Giant. Business Insider. https://www.businessinsider.com/adam-rainer-was-both-a-dwarf-and-a-giant-2015-1?r=US&IR=T
The Secret Life of a White Headhunter. The Scotsman 2 March 2003. https://www.scotsman.com/news/secret-life-white-headhunter-2473475
Oscar Hirsch. 1961. Two Different Types of Gigantism Due to Similar Tumors. Discussion of Growth. Confina Neurologica 21. 345-356.
The Tallest Man. 2015. Adam Rainer. https://web.archive.org/web/20171219045451/http://www.thetallestman.com/adamrainer.htm
Pliny the Elder. Natural History 6.24 https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.02.0137:book=6:chapter=24&highlight=king
https://teara.govt.nz/en/biographies/1c1/caddell-james
https://teara.govt.nz/en/artwork/32138/john-rutherford-pakeha-maori
https://teara.govt.nz/en/artwork/30233/barnet-burns-pakeha-maori
https://teara.govt.nz/en/photograph/26792/tom-adamson-kupapa-pakeha-maori
Episode 62: Where did the idea of human rights come from?
UN. 1948. Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen. 1789. https://avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/rightsof.asp
Declaration of Independence. 1776. https://avalon.law.yale.edu/18th_century/declare.asp
Magna Carta. 1215. https://avalon.law.yale.edu/medieval/magframe.asp
English Bill of Rights. 1689. https://avalon.law.yale.edu/medieval/magframe.asp
Micheline Islay. 2007. The History of Human Rights from Ancient Times to the Globalization Era. 2nd edn.
Lynn Hunt. 2007. Inventing Human Rights: A History.
Daniel J. Whelan. 2010. Indivisible Human Rights: A History.
Andrew Clapham. 2007. Human Rights: A Very Short Introduction.
John Robertson. 2015. The Enlightenment: A Very Short Introduction.
Episode 61: Did Jesus really exist?
THE ROOSTER HEADED PENIS MAN STATUE
BibleGateway.com
Catherine M. Murphy. 2008. The Historical Jesus for Dummies.
James D.G. Dunn and Scot McKnight. 2005. The Historical Jesus in Recent Research.
Helen K. Bond. 2012. The Historical Jesus: A Guide for the Perplexed.
Bart D. Ehrman. Did Jesus Exist: The Historical Argument for Jesus of Nazareth.
Amy-Jill Levine, Dale C. Allison Jr., and John Dominic Crossan. 2006. The Historical Jesus in Context.
Robert M. Price and Frank R. Zindler. 2013. Bart Ehrman and the Quest of the Historical Jesus of Nazareth.
Earl Doherty. 2009. Jesus: Neither God nor Man. The Case for a Mythical Jesus.
Tacitus Annals https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Tacitus/Annals/15B*.html
Josephus Jewish Antiquities https://penelope.uchicago.edu/josephus/ant-20.html
Suetonius Life of Claudius https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Suetonius/12Caesars/Claudius*.html
Pliny the Younger, Letters to Trajan http://www.attalus.org/old/pliny10b.html
Curran, J. (2017). “To Be or to Be Thought to Be”: The Testimonium Flavianum (again). Novum Testamentum, 59(1), 71-94. https://doi.org/10.1163/15685365-12341552
Episode 60: How Smelly Was the Past?
Gemma Janson. 2018. Sewers or Cesspits? Modern Assumptions and Roman Preferences. In Stephanie Hoss (ed). Latrinae: Roman Toilets in the NorthWestern Provinces of the Roman Empire. pp.5-18.
Georgios P. Antoniou , Giovanni De Feo, Franz Fardin, Aldo Tamburrino, Saifullah Khan, Fang Tie, Ieva Reklaityte, Eleni Kanetaki, Xiao Y. Zheng, Larry W. Mays, and Andreas N. Angelakis 2016. "Evolution of Toilets Worldwide through the Millennia" Sustainability 8 (8): 779. https://doi.org/10.3390/su8080779
Kelly Olson. 2013. Review: Roman Toilets: Their Archaeology and Cultural History by Gemma C. M. Jansen, Ann Olga Koloski-Ostrow, and Eric M. Moorman. Phoenix.67 (¾). pp 427-429
Peter Ward. 2019. The Clean Body: A Modern History.
Virginia Smith. 2007. Clean: A History of Personal Cleanliness and Purity.
Suellen Hoy. 1995. Chasing Dirt: The American Pursuit of Cleanliness.
Susan North. 2020. Sweet and Clean? Bodies and Clothes in Early Modern England
Dolly Jorgensen. 2014. Modernity and Medieval Muck. Nature and Culture 9 (3).pp 225-237.
N.J. Ciecieznski. 2013. The Stench of Disease: Public Health and the Environment in Late Medieval English Towns and Cities. Health, Culture and Society 4 (1) http://hcs.pitt.edu/ojs/index.php/hcs/article/view/114/145
Carol Rawcliffe. 2013. Urban Bodies: Communal Health in Late Medieval English Towns and Cities.
Andrew Wilson, with B. Petznek, S. Radbauer and R. Sauer. 2011. “Urination and defecation Roman-style”, in Ann Olga Koloski-Ostrow, Gemma C. M. Jansen, Eric M. Moormann (eds), Roman Toilets: Their Archaeology and Cultural History. BABesch Supplement 19. pp 95-111.
Penelope J. E Davies. 2012. Pollution. Propriety and Urbanism in Republican Rome. in Mark Bradley (ed). Rome, Pollution and Propriety: Dirt, Disease and Hygiene in the Eternal City from Antiquity to Modernity. Pp. 67-80.